Competition and Complementation Effects (optional material)
Because all goods compete for the consumer's dollar, an increased availability of other goods at low prices tends to decrease the marginal utility of first-class mail service and hence the demand for such service. A few goods, however, may have the opposite effect, because they complement mail service. For instance, a drop in the price of stationery or envelopes might induce consumers to make greater use of mail service. Complementary goods, however, clearly represent the exceptional case.

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